402
26 Novel Biotechnological Approaches for Removal of Emerging Contaminants
Table 26.1
Enzymatic treatment of EC and its efficiency.
Enzyme
Contaminant
Removal efficiency (%)
Laccase from Trametes
pubescens
Bisphenol A
>99
Laccase from
Myceliophthora
thermophila
Morphine
100
Laccase from Trametes
versicolor
Orange 2
72.8
Acid Orange 6
45.3
Laccase from Fomes
fomentarius
Remazol Brilliant
Blue R
100
Laccase from
Myceliophthora
thermophila
Estrogens
100
Diclofenac
100
Naproxen
100
Peroxidase from Pleurotus
ostreatus
Bromophenol Blue
98
Methylene Blue
10
Toluidine Blue O
10
Bacterial peroxidases
Bisphenol A
100
26.6.3
Biofiltration
Biofiltration is used for the removal of PCP and pharmaceutical products during
wastewater treatment. This method is more efficient in the removal of estradiol
derivatives when compared to ibuprofen and triclosan which are partially removed
(Table 26.2) [2].
26.6.4
Bioremediation
Bioremediation is a method of removal of contaminants from the water and other
polluted sites. It involves the use of living organisms, such as microbes and plants,
to reduce/degrade, eliminate, and transform contaminants present in soils, sedi-
ments, and water. This method has gained wider acceptance in the recent years
because of its potential to remove various organic and inorganic contaminants from
various sites of the environment. Bioremediation provides an effective treatment of
inorganic and organic contaminants under in situ and ex situ conditions by natural
means. Potential of microbes and plants have been exploited to achieve maximum
removal of inorganic and organic contaminants. The genetic engineering strategies
have been employed to improve the efficacy of this technique for achieving complete
degradation of contaminants. Bioremediation follows biosorption and bioaccumu-
lation methods for the removal of the hazardous substances from the waste.
During biosorption process, the contaminants are absorbed on the cellular
surface of the sorbents depending on the rate of kinetic energy and composition.